Microscopy diagram showing neural circuitry of affective bias

Neural Mechanisms of Affective Bias

We developed a behavioral test for optimism and pessimism in mice and are using it to understand the molecular, synaptic, and circuit signaling mechanisms of affective bias.

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colabeling for synaptic mechanism of reinforcement signals

A Synaptic Mechanism for Creating and Diversifying Reinforcement Signals

We discovered glutamate/GABA co-release in the habenula and found that it is a potential mechanism for creating and diversifying reinforcement signals in the brain.

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gpr151 for depression-enriched circuit therapeutic

A Depression-Circuit Enriched GPCR for Targeted Pharmacotherapy

We identified GPR151, an orphan G protein-coupled receptor that is exceptionally enriched in the habenula, as a candidate therapeutic target for inflammation-associated depression.

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Microscopy showing green channel cells

The Functional Organization of The Lateral Habenula and its Relationship to MDD (Depression)

We are mapping the functional heterogeneity of habenula neurons to their molecular identities and cell-type-specific projection targets to understand the phenotypes of habenula neurons that are altered in depression.

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